113 
3.452. Kishta. Pyrus communis. 
3.453. Gera. 
3.454. Haldi. Curcuma longa. 
3.455. Kahi safed. Sulphate of iron. 
3.456. Kahi syah. Sulphate of iron. 
3,457- Nil (indigo) from Khurja. Indigofera tinctoria. 
3.458. Nil (indigo) from Multain. Indigofera tinctoria. 
3.459. Läk dänä. Stick lac. 
3.460. Kurin danä. Cochineal. 
3.461. Khün syah woshan (dragon’s hlood). Resin 
of Pterocarpus draco. 
3.462. Peori. 
3.463. Haldi Chamä. 
3.464. Majith. 
3.465. Menhoi, or hana. Lawsonia inermis. 
3.466. Vasmä. 
3.467. Dhawä ka phul. Grislea tomentosa. 
3.468. Rulya. Rottlera tinctoria. 
3.469. Uslinä (a liehen). 
3.470. Harir. Terminalia citrina. 
3 810 ~i 
3’gn' I Aalroot, Morinda citrifolia, with cloth dyed 
3*812' I therewith, from Jaloun. 
The principal trade of Kotra in the Jaloun district 
is in the dye from Aal (Morinda citrifolia). The 
best soils for Aal are,— 
Mar - - Black soil. 
Kabur - - Ditto, with more clay. 
Perooa - - A reddish sandy soil. 
The rate per acre is,— 
Mar 
Ditto 
Kahur - 
Ditto 
Perooa - 
- Rs. 2 8 0 
2 0 0 
1 0 0 
0 12 0 
0 8 9 
The seed of the Aal is sown in July. The land is 
first ploughed, then raked by the native harrow 
called bakkar. 
The seed is then sown broadcast, to one beegali of 
land one maund of seed is given. The plant begins 
to show in one month, or in August. 
It is weeded in September, October, and November 
following. 
In the folloiving July the soil round the young 
plants is turned up to allow them to grow and receive 
the rains. 
The second year it flowers in August and September. 
The flower is white and sweet-smelling. The yield 
per beegah of seed is in the first year about 20 seers, 
and the two following years only 10 seers. The 
third year the plant is dug up. The roots go down 
ahout three feet. All other parts of the plant are of 
no use. 
The roots are dug up in December, January, 
February, as may be required. The yield in roots 
per beegah is five maunds. 
The roots are divided into three distmet sorts :— 
Ist. The best is the thinnest, called bhdrd; 
found at the greatest depth. The yield 
is about one maund, valued at Rs. 8 per 
maund in the market; formerly it fetched 
Rs. 20 per maund. (No. 3,810.) 
2nd. The next size is called jhurrun. The yield 
is about 2J maunds per beegah. It now 
fetches in the market Rs. 4 per maund. 
It formerly sold at Rs. 10. (No. 3,811.) 
3rd. This sort is thickest, is called ghattea. The 
yield per beegah is about H maunds. It 
sells now at Rs. 8 per maund; formerly 
it fetched Rs. 9. (No. 3,812.) 
The three sorts are mixed in the following pro- 
portions: — 
Ist sort - - - H seers. 
2nd do. - - -2 do. 
3rd do. - - - 3 do. 
Then chopped up fine; then ground in a hard 
mill; and for each seer of root 2 ounces of alum are 
added. All are put into a vat holding 2J maunds, 
or 28 gallons of water. 
The cloth to be dyed is first washed. To one tlian 
(piece) of cloth, a quarter seer of castor oil and a 
quarter seer of fuller’s earth (sujjee) are used, with 
four seers of water, in which it is well stamped upon 
by the cheepee (cloth-printer). The cost of this 
process by the cheepee is 3 pie per “ tlian ” of 
8 yards. 
In the root mixture above mentioned, fine thans of 
white country-made cloth called pdtul, or fine thans 
of mirkhani, a better sort of cloth, are put, and 
allowed to remain for eight days. The cloth is 
moved up and down to make the dye equal through- 
out. After this the cloth is taken out, washed, and 
dried in the sun, and pressed. 
The present market price of pdtul is Rs. 1-8-0 per 
than of 87 yards, mirkhani is Rs. 2 per than. A profit 
of 2 annas per than is generally made in the markets 
of Hatrass, Pilibheet, and Lucknow. These cloths 
are used by women as head-coverings. 
The Trade of Syudnuggur, on the Banks of the Betwah, 
Pergunnah Oraie, District Jaloun. 
The principal trade of this large village is carried 
on by dyers in dyeing a cloth called zamoordi. The 
price is Rs. 2-4-0 per than of 8 yards, used by women 
for petticoats. It is sent to every part of the north- 
west. 
The colours are procured from the roots of the 
notee, a plant found in the jungles of Chutturpore in 
Bundelkhund. It gives the yellow colour. 
From the flower of the dawae, a plant found in the 
same locality, it gives brilliancy to the red colour. 
From the fruit of the harrah, found also in the 
same jungles, it furnishes a yellow colour. 
A. H. Ternan, Colonel, 
Deputy Commissioner. 
A Collection of dye stuffs from the India Museum, 
London. 
2,994. Catechu. Acacia catechu. 
3,012. Annatto. Bixa orellana. 
3,016. Butea flowers. Butea frondosa. 
3,020a. Marygold flowers. Calendula officinalis. 
3,025. Safflower. Carthamus tinctorius. 
3,031a. Mishmee teeta. Coptis teeta. 
3,033. Turmeric. Curcuma longa. 
3,034. Ispruck. Delphinium saniculsefolium. 
3,044. Chay root. Hedyotis umbellata. 
3,052. Indigo. Indigofera tinctoria. 
3,052a. Green dye of Malda. Jatropha manihot. 
3,060. Aal. Morinda citrifolia. 
3,062. Mungkudu. Morinda umbellata. 
3,064. Gambier. Nauclea gambir. 
3,065. Oom-tari. Nipa fruticans. 
3,066. Flursinghar. Nyctanthes arbor-tristis. 
3,067. Rutton. Onosma emodi. 
3,068. Chulcheleera. Parmelia kamtschadalis. 
H 
(8834.)