10 
They are, however, a fine, handsome race of people, 
and their women, who have not unfrequently fair, 
ruddy complexions, are esteemed very beautiful. 
No. 44. Izzut Ali Klian. 
Izzut Ali Khan, the subject of the photograph, is 
a Mussulman inhabitant of Coel (Allygbur), where 
his family has dwelt for seven or eight centuries. 
They are landed proprietors and holders of some 
rent-free grants conferred by early Mahomedan au- 
thorities, on the proceeds of which they live. As a 
general rule, this dass of Mahomedans is extremely 
ignorant, and has not been affeeted by the educa- 
tional measures whieh have been provided by Go 
vernment, any more than by the local teachers of 
their own sect. 
No. 45. Sheikh Zeaoollah. 
Sheikh Zeaoollah is a Mahomedan of the Sheikh 
sect, and resides at Coel (Allyghur), where the family 
has been located for eight or nine hundred years. 
They are landholders, but their chief oecupation is 
that of managers of the shrine of the saint Shah 
Jumal Shumsool-arfeen, from whom they Claim 
descent. 
No. 46. Simmeus Khan. 
Sumneus Khan belongs to the Ranghurs, descen- 
dants of some of the Rajpoot elans of Hissar, who 
were forcibly converted to Mahomedanism in the 
14th Century. 
The Ranghurs are agriculturists, though not very 
skilful ones ; but they have the deepest attachment 
to their native villages and hereditary lands. 
The Ranghurs are a proud, turbulent, and domi- 
neering dass of men; given to robbery, but not to 
theft; careless of money, and jealous of honour; 
and they are brave, and more to be depended upon 
for good or ill than most castes. 
No. 47. Gholam Mahomed, of the 
Wnttoo tribe. 
This tribe is a branch of the Bhuttees, who were 
the original immigrants into the North-west pro- 
vinces from Jeysulmere, and become voluntary con- 
verts to Mahomedanism in the reign of Aurungzebe. 
They are ignorant, fanatical, and unprogressive. 
Many Hindoo eustoms still exist among the tribe, 
especially among their women, at marriages, and 
other domestic ceremonies. The greater proportion 
of them are agriculturists, but some are merchants in 
a limited capacity, and few of the Wuttoos are rieh, 
or have the intelligence to become so. 
No. 48. The Mulliks. 
The Mulliks are considered by other tribes of 
Mahomedans a distinct race. The ignorant think 
that they are of giant origin ; but learned Mahome 
dans suppose that they were degenerate Hindoo Raj- 
poots who embraced Islam in the reign of Mahomed 
Ghoree. 
The Mulliks reside chiefly in the province of 
Behar. They cultivate land, and the wealthy among 
them possess extensive landed property. 
The are chiefly employed in the management of 
landed property, and fi.ll the subordinate offices of 
Brahils, Village Gomashtas, and Peeadas. 
No. 49, Bhali Sooltans. 
The Bhali Sooltans are a Mahomedau tribe of 
Oude. It is reported that, several centuries ago, 
Rae Buriar, a Bais Rajpoot and horse merchant, 
came from Baiswara in Oude, and married two 
women, by whom he had a numerous progeny. In 
the course of time they became sufficiently numerous 
and pcwerful to expel the Bhur proprietors or ze- 
mindars, and to take entire possession of their 
villages. 
No. 50. Sheikhs. 
The Sheikhs, in the Punjaub, belonged probably to 
the lower Orders of Hindoos and are in no respect 
different from ordinary Mahomedans; they are to 
be found all over the Punjaub, and in all manner of 
employments. 
No. 51. Hyder Buksh.—Kumboh Sheikh. 
Much difference of opinion prevails among well- 
informed natives as to the derivation of the term 
Kumboh (Sheikh, signifying lord, and being the 
appellation of a very large Mussulman tribe through- 
out the East, most of whom Claim descent from 
one of the first three caliphs). 
But according to their own (and seemingly the 
most probable) aeeount, the Kumbohs are the old 
inhabitants of the trans-Indus country, who were 
converted to Islam by Mahmood of Ghuzni. 
Kumbohs ahound in Etah, Rohilcund, and Meerut. 
They uphold the doctrine of the Jehad, or extermi- 
nation of the infidels. 
Many of the Sheikh tribe are found among our 
irregulär cavalry, but they rarely enlist in the infan- 
try. They are not given to agriculture, and are bad 
cultivators; but many are acute and sueoessful 
traders, and many are to be found among the native 
civil subordinates in the various branches of Govern 
ment Service. 
No. 52. Mobarik Ali Khan. 
Mobarik Ali, like Hyder Buksh, is a Kumboh 
Sheikh, and a Soonnee Mussulman. His title or 
appellation of “ Khan ” does not belong to his tribe, 
and was probably gained by a member of his family 
under the Mahomedan empire, when Khan was the 
lowest Order of created nobility. 
No. 53. Monlvees. 
The photograph represents three doctors of Ma 
homedan law, or Moulvees, in discussion, perhaps 
on some knotty point in the text, on which the 
figure on the left has plaeed his hand, while the 
other two are listening to what he has to say. They 
form a very characteristic group of a dass of learned 
men, who are perhaps decreasing under laek of 
patronage and exercise for their talents and know- 
ledge, which is a necessary result of British Govern 
ment. As a dass they cannot be supposed to hold 
our administration in any partieular regard or esteem, 
since they are necessarily deprived of the extensive 
advantages they would have possessed under their 
aneient Mahomedan rule. Under our own adminis 
tration of the country, however, Mahomedan law 
still occupies a prominent place, and all property 
belonging to Mahomedans is inherited, divided, or