210

28.  Tidal  Lock  Chamber.  Dhonies  passmg  up  from
the  sea,  Old  Fort,  Masulipatam,  Kistnah
District  (taken  prior  to  the  Cylclone  of
November  1864).  _  .
60  Lower  Coleroon  Anicut,  Tanjore  District,  showing
  the  breach  of  1864  under  repair.
18.  Grinding  Chunam  for  the  Kistnah  Amcut  at
Bezwada.
7.  Quarries  for  Kistnah  Anicut  at  Seetanagram.
9  Entrance  Lock  and  Head  Sluices,  Nizampatam
Canal,  Bezwada  Hills  in  distance,  Kistnah
District.  ,  _  .  T
39.  Coolies  filling  Chunam  kiln  near  Dugiralla,  fron
Stone-boats,  Nizampatam  Canal,  Kistnah  District. ­
  ,,,  .
34.  Nidamale  Lock  and  Calingula  (Masulipatam
Canal),  Kistnah  District.
42.  Forest  View  of  Calingula  of  the  Nullamada
drainage,  showing  method  of  lifting  Shullers,
Nizampatam  Canal,  Kistnah  District.
30.  Eilore  Lock  at  the  junction  of  the  Godavery  and
Kistnah  waters,  Ellore.
46.  Ruin  of  old  Palace,  Condapilly  hills,  Kistnah
District.  ,,  ..
28.  Tidal  Lock  Chamber,  Old  Fort,  Masulipatam,
Boats  passing  up  from  the  Sea.
6.  Scouring  Sluices,  Kistnah  Anicut,  Bezwada
Side,  Kistnah  District.  .
17.  View  up  Bezwada  Canal  from  near  the  Swimming
  Bath,  Bezwada,  Kistnah  District.
10.  View  down  the  Nizampatam  Canal  at  Seetanagram, ­
  Kistnah  District.
8.  Head  Sluices,  Nizampatam  Canal,  River  Kistnah ­
  in  hackground,  Kistnah  District.
37.  Irrigation  Sluices  at  Dugiralla  for  distnbuting
water  at  three  different  levels,  Nizampatam
Canal,  Kistnah  District.
35.  Calingula  for  surplus  water  at  Kunkipaud,
Masulipatam  Canal,  Kistnah  District.
43  Rear  view  of  Calingula  for  the  escape  ot  the
Nullamadda  drainage,  Nizampatam  Canal,

Kistnah  District.
29.  Iron  lattice  Girder  Bridge  over  the  Canal  at
Ellore,  Kistnah  District.  _  ,
27.  Tidal  Lock  Chamber,  Custom  House,  &c.,  Uld
Fort,  Masulipatam  Canal,  Kistnah  District,
prior  to  Cyclone  of  1864.
59  Lower  Anicut  on  the  Coleroon  River,  South
branch,  Breach  of  1864  under  repair,  Tanjore
District.  _  .  .
52.  Vellaur  Anicut,  rear  view,  South  Arcot  District.

R.  S.  Baldry,  Superintendent  Government  Lithographie ­
  Press,  Fort  St.  George.
Mounted  photographs  of  subject  connected  with  the
Department  of  Public  Works,  India  (2  sets).

Public  Works  Department,  Bengal.
Sample  bricks  (6),  from  the  Government  Brick
Factory  at  Acra.
The  following  information,  concerning  the  mannfacture
  of  bricks  and  soorkey  at  Acra,  has  been
furnished  hy  H.  Dewes,  Esq.,  C.E.,  the  Executive ­
  Engineer  of  the  Acra  Division  :
Immediately  after  the  rainy  season  is  over,  that
is  in  September  and  Octoher,  the  earth  is  dug  and
tlirown  into  lieaps  in  places  convenient  for  pugging
and  moulding.  The  earth  is  then  pugged  in  pugmills,
  and  carried  to  the  tables,  moulded  in  iron
moulds,  and  the  bricks  thus  moulded  are  taken  to
the  “  hack  ”  or  drying  ground,  and  afterwards

“  skintled.”  The  bricks  wlien  dry  in  liacks  are  set
in  clamps  and  fired.  The  bricks  arc  burnt  in  open
clamps  with  coal.
The  sizes  of  clamps  Vary  from  50  feet  square  to
70  feet  square,  the  general  size  being  60  feet  square
at  the  base,  and  contains  about  550,000  bricks.  A
60  X  60  clamp  takes  about  three  months  to  burn  and
cool.  The  rates  of  manufacture  at  Acra  are  given  m
the  statement  shown  below.  The  men  employed  at
thr  Acra  brick  factory  are  principally  from  the  provinces
  of  Orissa  and  Behar  of  the  Bengal  Presidency;
very  few  from  Bengal  Proper.  A  good  moulder  wu
mould  from  2,000  to  2,500  bricks  daily;  some  few
will  turn  out  as  many  as  3,000  daily.

Rates  at  which  Bricks  are  manufactured  at  Acra:

Description  of  Work.

Rate
per  1,000
bricks.

Remakes.

Eartli  digging
Pugging
Moulding  -
Sand  supplying
Skintling
Setting  in  clamps
Fuel  coal,  at  7  maunds  per  1,000
bricks  -
Firewood  for  live  holes
Unloading  and  sorting  -
Work,  establishment,  petty
ebarges,  &c.  •
Total  per  1,000  bricks  -

Out-turn.
70  per  cent.  of  building  bricks.
10  per  cent.  of  brickbats  for
soorkey  and  metal  for  road.
10  per  cent.  under-bumt  bricks
10  per  cent.  waste.

es.  A.  P.
0  6  6
0  4  0
14  0
0  1
0  1

0  13  0
2  0  0
0  2  0
0  4  0

100

Yaries  according
to  lead.

5  12  6

These  under-burnt
bricks  are  used
in  making  foundation
  and  casing
of  clamp.

Specimen  of  “  Soorkey  ”  (brick  dust).
Soorkey  is  used  instead  of  sand  to  mix  with  lime
to  form  mortar.  The  hroken  bricks  or  bats  from
out-turn  of  clamps  are  conveyed  by  tramway,  in
trucks  drawn  by  bullocks  to  the  site  of  the  soorkey
manufacture  shed,  and  there  crushed  by  rollers
worked  by  steam-power.  The  cost  of  manufacturing
the  soorkey  per  100  cubic  feet  is  about  Rs,  9  in-'
  cluding  the  cost  of  bats,  or  Rs.  3  exclusive  of  bats.
32,000,000  of  bricks  have  been  turned  out  at  the
factory  in  one  season,  butthe  present  yearly  out-turn
of  materials  is  about  20,000,000  of  well  burnt  bricks,
and  300,000  cubic  feet  of  soorkey,  chiefly  for  Government ­
  works  in  Calcutta  and  neighbourhood.
C.  Fouracres,  C.E.,  Executive  Engineer,  Dehree
Workshop  Division,  Public  Works  Department,
Bengal,  Irrigation  Branch.
Model  of  the  Sone  anicut,  head-lock,  under  sluices,
head  sluice,  and  half  of  the  centre  sluices.  This
model  shows  half  of  the  head-works  on  the  left
bank  of  the  river;  the  other  half  is  exactly  the
same.  The  different  parts  of  the  head-works
models  are  numbered  so  as  to  fit  together  thus  :
the  arrangement  of  sluice  gates  opposite  the  centre
sluices;  the  oblong  foundation  blocks,  scaftoldmg,
windlasses,  and  shallow-well  excavator,  opposite
the  anicut;  the  deep-well  excavator  and  round
well  opposite  the  under  sluices.