142 
EXPOSITION AT VIENNA. 
1581. Soft porcelain discovered in Italy by Francis, Grand Duke of Tus- 
cany. 
1585. Gold purple or precipitate of cassius discovered. 
1589. Palissy died in conflnement in the Bastile. 
1671. Earliest efforts to manufacture Porcelain in England, by Mr. John 
Dwight, at Fulham. 
1674. Manufacture of pottery established in Liverpool before this date. 
1680. Salt glazing said' to have been discovered in Staffordshire by acci- 
dent. 
1690. Crouch wäre first made by Burslem potters. 
Dresden (Meissen) porcelain manufactory established by Augustus 
II., Elector of Saxony. 
1706. Commencement of the experiments of Tschirnhaus and Böttcher, 
two alchemists in the Service of the Elector of Saxony, leading 
to the production by Böttcher of the first hard or true porcelain 
in Europe, but of a dark color. 
1709. White porcelain made by Böttcher. 
1710. Böttcher appointed director of the manufactory at Meissen. 
1715. White porcelain of good quality commonly made. 
1720. Paintings on porcelain, and gilding, produced at Meissen. 
1730. Josiah Wedgwood born at Burslem, England ; diod 1795. 
Bow works, England, commenced manufacture of porcelain. 
1731. Kandier, the sculptor, superintended the modelling of groups and 
figures at Meissen. 
1744. St. Petersburg porcelain works founded by the Baron Ivan Anti- 
novitsh. 
1745. Cookworthy in a letter mentions that a person had discovered both 
kaolin and petuntse in the State of Virginia, and had made from 
them specimens of porcelain. The same party professed to have 
purchased the whole region from the Indians. 
1747. Porcelain works of Blanquier, Vienna, Austria, purchased by the 
Empress Maria Theresa, and made an imperial establishment. 
Porcelain works established at Neudeck, Bavaria. 
1750. Decoration of earthenware and porcelain by transfer from copper- 
plate prints, believed to have originated with John Sadler, of 
Liverpool. 
Swansea earthenware works established. 
From about this date the true Süvres päte tendre was manufactured 
with habitual success. 
Manufacture of porcelain commenced at Berlin by Wegely.