96 
ART ED U CAT ION. 
tional institutions of the provinces unfo*tunately gave evidence in 
Lut few cases of a systematic course of instruction. Most of the 
specimens sent were selected show-pieces done by the more tal- 
ented scholars, some of which, indeed, claimed our admiration, but 
were little in accordance with the purposes of the Exhibition. 
Tliis much only became evident from all that was to be seen: 
that each teacher cultivates his own genre, according to his espe- 
cial liking, and that no uniform principle has as yet been carried 
through in general. As a rule, instruction in drawing in the in- 
etitutions nained culminates simply in brilliaut execution, and, 
having no positive aims, frequently degenerates into shallow dilet- 
tantism. Thus in the “ ficole Communale ” of Marseilles ahnost 
nothing is drawn but pictures of saints from bad lithographs, and 
the objectionable large heads in crayon by Julien; at the St. 
Joseph School at Beauregard, Thionville, the omament is prac- 
ticed, but in conjunction with flgures and landscapes, which malte 
ibapparent that drawing is there treated only as an amusement; 
in Besanyon, again, landscape in charcoal is attempted, and so on. 
The Boarding-School at Toulouse, on* the contrary, exhibited a 
tolerably systematic course of instruction, from simple geometrical 
forms up to well-developed Ornament. Good drawings from casts 
were also to be found in the portfolios of the institutions at Mou- 
lins, Rouen, and Clermont, where some of the drawing-copies 
lately published are suceessfully used. In the more important 
eities, evening-classes are connected with these institutions, which 
are frequented by persons engaged in industry, and in which draw 
ing is therefore taught with more especial referenee to partieular 
trades. Exeellent work is done in these schools in constructive 
drawing, and, indeed, linear drawing is generally well cultivated 
even in the lower educational institutions. In freehand drawing, 
however, very praiseworthy specimens were likewise exhibited. We 
willliere mention onlythose bythe schools of St. Augustin and St. 
fitienne du Mont (Paris). Superior drawings from casts had been 
sent by the schools of Rheims and Besamjon. With these we ap- 
proacli the field of the special schools, in which, as is well known, 
drawing receives better care than in any other schools in France ; 
but. before passing on to them, we must glance at the higher Peo- 
ple’s Schools, the Lycea (the “ecoles secondaires” in general),