IT ALT. 
113 
Arti,” in Vigevano-Lomellina, drawing is practieed without the 
least System. A good commencement is made in Ornament after 
the French manner; but otherwise landscapes, flowers, &c., are 
copied purely after the amateur fashion, while drawing from the 
cast is very deficient. The specimens sent by the “ Scuola Com- 
munale Maschile-Feminile ” of Codogno, although consisting only 
of show-pieces, must also be condemned. With the exception of 
some well-drawn heads, all these specimens exhibited a want of 
training, of comprehension of form, and of execution. 
Yery excellent specimens in linear drawing were shown by the 
“Istituto Tecnico” of Mantua in machine drawing and archi- 
tecture, as well as in topographical drawing. The “ Reale Isti 
tuto Industriale ” at Piacenza exhibited a collection of casts from 
nature and from Ornaments, which can be recommended for instruc- 
tion in drawing. 
The “ Patrio Istituto Manin ” of Yenice was also represented at 
Vienna by Superior specimens, the same as at Paris at the time 
of the last Exhibition. In the first course instruction progresses 
from simple geometrical forms to more complicated Ornaments in 
the usual manner ; and in the second course drawing from plastic 
models iä taken up. These drawings (in India ink and in pencil) 
were most exact and artistic in their execution. The main stress, 
however, is laid upon drawing with reference to the various spe- 
cialties, all branches of which were represented by eminently 
successful specimens. Linear drawing appears to receive less 
care. Quite a peculiar method is employed for the first stages 
of instruction in the “Reale Scuola Tecnica” at Venice. Con- 
structive perspective is here practieed; but freehand work is 
sometimes introduced into the same drawing (glaring mistakes, 
however, were noticeable here and there) ; this is followed up by 
the study of objects from nature (minutely executed), and con- 
structive drawing of a very defective quality. The greatest part 
of the labor in most of these drawings had, however, been expended 
upon the borders surrounding them. These borders were frequently 
quite artistic in execution, the most complicated Greek and Renais 
sance Ornaments having been employed ; and they must have taken 
three or four times the time devoted to the drawings themselves. 
The projections were good, and tolerably well finished.; there were 
8