xxvi 
AMERICAN PRE FACE. 
taste we sent abroad! On the other band, England exported cot- 
ton goods in 1872 to the value of $384,787,944. Her total cot- 
ton manufactures amounted in 1870 to $447,096,000, while the 
value of the raw material consumed was but $202,296,000 ; and so 
the sum of $244,800,000 was added by the process of manufacture. 
For the same year the total value of cotton manufactures in the 
United States was $177,489,739, while the value of materials con 
sumed was $111,736,936, of which about $100,000,000 can be 
set down to raw cotton. Note, that, while the value added by 
manufacture in England is considerably more than the value of 
the raw cotton consumed, it is in the United States considerably 
less ; and this, too, though raw cotton costs more in England than 
it does here, and though the same quality of labor is cheaper than 
with us. How, then, does England manage to carry the price of 
her cotton goods above the price of ours ? By putting more skill 
and taste into them. 
WOOn MANUFACTURES. 
Exports $ 124,099 
Imports 46,731,745 
Here is a better opportunity than in the case of cotton manufac 
tures for improving the quality of the goods by skill and taste, 
and thus advancing their price. And so our imports increase 
accordingly, with a diminution of the exports. Total value of 
wool manufactures in the United States, according to the census 
of 1870, was $155,405,358; value of wool consumed about $80,- 
000,000. 
SILK MANUFACTURES. 
Exports noue. 
Imports $24,349,037 
These manufactures afford an opportunity for a large display of 
skill and taste; and so we export none. But little Switzerland, 
according to our consul at Basle, sent to the United States in 
1874 silk and silk goods to the value of $4,842,384. The value 
of silk fabrics produced by France in 1870 was $200,000,000. 
The census for 1870 puts the total value of all textile manufac 
tures in the United States at $380,913,815, not quite double the 
silk manufactures of France.