AMERICAN PREFACE.
RECAPITULATION.
Here let us recapitulate the points whicli have been considered
in this discussion : —
1. A long age of industrial conflicts has begun. The govern-
ments of Europe, realizing that hencefortlx national supremacy
will be determined more and more by industrial supremacy, are
arming their workmen of all kinds and grades with the best weap-
ons that art and Science can furnish.
2. All that they are doing for industrial education is justified by
the fact, that the artisan dass are rapidly gaining upon the whole
population, and that manufactures are rapidly increasing in com-
parative importance.
3. It is justified by the fact that the competition which the
woikman must meet is growing wider and more intense every day.
T 4. It is also justified by the fact that manufactures embodying
skill and taste are more advantageous to a country than rüde man
ufactures.
5. It is well that we should study what Europe is doing for
industrial education, because in her artisans we find our great
rivals ; because industrial education, however it may be with polit-
mal education, needs to be much the same the worid over, and so
what is good for a European is good for an American.
6. In the matter of numbers, our artisan classes, compared with
the rest of our population, are advancing to the front; and our
manufactures, already of respectable proportions, are steadilv
gaining in relative as well as absolute importance. It is only by
carrying our manufactures to the highest pitch of excellence that
Om agnculture can be made the most prosperous.
7. To-day our manufactures are distinguished rather for quan-
tity than qnality. Much skill has been expended for the purpose
of acceleratmg production and lowering prices. Compared with-
this the expenditure of skill and taste for the purpose of increas
ing quality, and thereby advaftcing prices, has been but slight.
8. Ilence the value added by the process of manufacture is
much less than the value of the raw material consumed. Hence
we export food and raw materials, and import manufactures em-
°( 3 mg skill and taste. All this should be decidedlj- modified b\*
