H UNGARY. 
29 
receive their training exclusively inforeign countries, their art will 
not be Hungarian art; as long as industry does notproduce its 
forms and its workmen in the country itself, it will not be national. 
No efforts are. making to reflne the existing national elements, 
although the .country is rieh in monuments, and possesses a na 
tional industry which is quite original. Hungary has done more 
for the cultivation of art during the last ten years tlian all she has 
previously done in centuries. Collections have been commenced 
or re-organized, societies for the advancement of art have been 
formed, schools have been established, scholarships have been 
founded, and magnificent Orders have been given to native artists. 
The future must ripen the fruits of these efforts. 
To provide a common centre for art-education, an institution 
has been founded, which is so organized as to meet the necessities 
of the present, and which will exercise a beneficial influence in 
advancing the interests under consideration. Tliis is the Royal 
Hungarian State Drawing School, and the Seminary for Drawing 
Teachers connected with it (opened Nov. 1, 1871). 
Enactments and laws on educational matters cannot be carried 
out rationally as long as efficient teachers are wanting. Although 
drawing appears as a subject of instruction in the Elementary and 
Higher Normal Schools as far back as the time of Queen Maria 
Theresa, in the “ Ratio educationis publieoe ” issued by this 
sovereign, the traces of the results will nevertheless be looked for 
in vain. The truth is, there were neither teachers, nor aids for 
teaching. This want is to be met by the institution lately 
established. Since the introduction of Real-Schools, in which 
drawing plays a more important part, and since the subject 
has been made compulsory in the Gymnasia, the necessity of pro- 
yiding such teachers has been officially recognized. 
As to the arrangement of the school in question, it is quite 
proper tliat it should have more of the character of a highei Ait- 
Industrial School, with special reference to the liberal arts, tlian of 
an Art-Academy, which latter, as experience has shown once 
before, would be of little benefit, under existing circumstances, 
either to art or to art-industry. The direction of the school has 
been confided to Mr. G. Keleti, who has thoroughly studied the 
question of art-education in foreign countries, and in accordance 
with whose experience the school has been organized.