peaceful avocations, are perhaps the most difficult of entire reclamation. They resist 
the influence of order, and whether formerly under the Mahomedans, or recently under 
ourselves, have proved themselves impatient of restraint, breaking out into turbulent 
lawlessness whenever an opportunity occurs. The Goojurs profess, rather than follow 
Hindooism, are wonderfully hardy, and, as a rule, long lived. 
No. 28. Naorung. 
Naorung is an inhabitant of Phuppoond, in the 
Meerut district, and belongs to the Goojur tribe, 
who form a large proportion of the population of 
the upper North-western Provinces of India, and 
claim Rajpoot origin on the male side. Naorung is 
a fair specimen of his" tribe, stout and good looking, 
but with a hard reckless expression of countenance, 
and the air and carriage of a soldier. His dress is a 
tunie, quilted with cotton, as usually worn in the cold 
weather, and the sword beit of buff leather denotes 
his semi-military charaeter. 
e.—Sikhs. 
The Sikh faith had been established in the Punjab during the latter part of the 
fifteenth Century, by Nanuk, a Rajpoot or Kshuttree, who was born in the year 14-69. 
In the year 1675, Govind, thetenth Gooroo, or spiritual leader, in succession to Nanuk, 
altered the original Sikh faith considerably by abolishing distinctions of easte, admitting 
all creeds and castes of Hindoos as converts without distinction, and upon terms of 
perfect equality. At the same time he in so far reverted to the original Hindoo foun- 
dation of Sikhism, that he advoeated the reverence of Hindoo deities, and of Brahmins. 
By these means, there is no doubt that he obtained a large accession of followers, and 
that many of the Jats and Rajpoot tribes joined the now formidable confederacy, who 
had before wavered. Govind was a man of ardent fanatical zeal and indomitable valour. 
As crowds of fresh devotees joined the Sikh Standard, he made a military profession 
the pledge of initiation, and recommenced the hereditary feud against the Mahomedans, 
which probably had never entirely been discontinued. 
Tire military spirit and combined association, which it had been Govind’s object to 
establish, survived his death, and ultimately secured for the Sikhs a national existence 
and independence, which, as the imperial power of Delhi declined, became more and 
more formidable. 
Descendants of Govind still exist, who are termed Sodhees. They are reverenced as 
the descendants of the great teacher and military leader, and are supported by the 
voluntary offerings of the Sikh people at large ; but they have neither the office nor 
the sanctity of an hereditary priesthood, and though supposed to act as teachers, are 
for the most part an idle dass, remarkable chiefly for profitless and dissolute lives. 
No. 29. Sikh Jat of the Sindhoo Clan. 
The offspring of a Rajpoot father and a Soodra 
woman have taken the appellation of Jats, and 
though they do not rank as high in the scale of 
social caste as the real Jats, yet become connected 
with them by marriage, and so merge into the gene 
ral mass of the tribe. In some cases they remain 
Hindoos, and acknowledge Brahminical doctrines 
and priestly control ; but in others they become 
Sikhs, and ’one of the clans of the Punjab, the Sind 
hoo, is composed of them. The Sindhoo Jats, being 
Sikhs, do not differ from other Sikhs in any respect. 
They have been brave and faithful soldiers when 
required to serve as such; but as Jats they are 
essentially farmers and cultivators of the soil,—a 
sturdy, stalwart clan, remarkable, perhaps, in this 
respect, even among their neighbours. They are 
not bound by rules of caste in regard to diet, but 
adhere to the customs of their “ gote ” or division, 
especially in regard to marriage alliances and cere- 
monials, with the general strictness of all Sikhs. 
No. 30. Muzbee Sikhs. 
Although the Sikhs professedly admit all classes 
of people to their religious belief and Community in 
general, yet it seems to have been impossible, in the 
case of the Muzbees, to sink entirely the considera- 
tion of their previous low position in the social scale 
of caste, for they are not recognized as equals in 
Position to Sikhs who may originally have belonged 
to the higher classes of Hindoo life. They are a 
faithful and very industrious dass, acting as village 
watchmen and police, and may be well termed the 
“ navvies ” of the Punjab, working, as they do, at 
railways, roads, canals, and the like, with great skill. 
They are found also in gangs, under their own head 
men, all through the North of India, and, indeed, as 
far as Oalcutta, working for daily hire, or taking 
minor contracts under the railway contractors and 
officers of public works. 
The Pioneer Battalions of the Punjab and North 
west Provinces are almost exclusively composed of 
Muzbee Sikhs, and at the siege of Delhi, and in