AUSTRIA.
25
will then receive due attention, and studios will be provided for
enamelling, painting upon glass and porcelain, wood-carving, &c.
The second division of the Exhibition contained the artistic
publications of the museum, consisting of plaster-casts, galvano-
plastic reproductions, and photographs, and the art-scientific works
issued since its establishment. 1
1 Art-Industrial Museums.—The South Kensington Museum whieh origin-
ateil in a small way as far back as 1852, having been the first public Institution
of its kiinl, bas aliuost eclipsed all otlier efforts in tbe same direction; and it
may tberefore be of interest to glanee at tbe kindred institutions, especially
of Gennany, vvbicb are rapidly springing up everywbere. Tbe conviction is
gaining ground more and more, tbat tbese nm-seums are an absolute necessity,
if German industry is to be able to compete witb tbe indnstry of England and
of France. That it is still in tbe rear, is freely acknowledged by its best
friends; and tbe rapid advanees niade by Austrian iudustry, since tbe estab-
lisbment of tbe Museum of Art and Industry at Vienna, have added a new
Stimulus to those which were in Operation before. Tbe importanee of tbese
institutions was also fully recognized by tbe projectors of tbe Vienna World’s
Fair of 1873. A special group (XXII.) was tberefore organized at this exbibi-
tion to sbow “ the various methods by which the different modern museums endeav-
or to carry out the improvement of the general taste of thepeople, and the manner
in which they promote the art-industry and public Instruction of their countries.”
The Museum of Art and Industry at Vienna was established in 1864, and
occupied a jn'ovisional building, until its present building was completed in
1871, on tbe 4th of November of wbicb year, tbe emperor of Austria performed
tbe eeremony of laying tbe last stone. Tbe Museum is well endowed by tbe
state, and bas received a considerable number of donations in money, as well
as in valuable articles, from tbe emperor and from private parties ; a society
bas also been formed “for tbe advancement of tbe Art-Industrial School of
tbe Museum,” whose prineipal aim it is to provide scbolarsbips for poor but
talented scholars, irrespective of sex, nationality, or religion. Tbe activity of
tbe Museum, under tbe management of its enthusiastic director, Prof. R. v.
Eitelberger, is very great. Travetling exbibitions are arranged all over Aus
tria ; and the regulär leetures of the sebool are supplemented by populär
lectures given every Thursday evening during tbe winter, admission free.
Tbe Museum is open to the public, without Charge, on Thursdays, Fridays,
Saturdays, and Sundays ; on Tuesdays and Wednesdays, an admission fee of
thirty kreuzers (about twenty Cents) is charged. Artists and workingmen,
bowever, as well as otbers who desire to use the collections or tbe library for
practical purposes, are provided with cards, which pass them free even ou
Tuesdays and Wednesdays. Books may be taken from the library, by giving
a receipt for tbem. The list of tbe publications of tbe Museum is quite exten
sive, enibracing books, pbotograpbs, casts, and a monthly journal (now in its
tenth year) devoted to tbe interests of art and art-industry (subscription four
florins, or about $1.60, a year). Tbe school connected witb tbe Museum bas
been in very successful Operation since 1867.
Tbe first steps towards tbe establishment of tbe German Industrial Museum
